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| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 35
| Issue : 4 | Page : 360-361 |
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Impact of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography imaging in a case of pericardial cavernous hemangioma
Harmandeep Singh1, Vaishnavi Dasagrandhi1, Rajender Kumar1, Rupesh Kumar2, Bhagwant Rai Mittal1
1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
2 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| Date of Submission | 13-Apr-2020 |
| Date of Decision | 20-Apr-2020 |
| Date of Acceptance | 04-May-2020 |
| Date of Web Publication | 21-Oct-2020 |
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Harmandeep Singh
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh - 160 012
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/ijnm.IJNM_69_20
 Abstract | | |
Hemangiomas are extremely rare tumors of the heart that may present with pericardial effusion, dyspnea, chest discomfort, palpitations, or syncope. Few published reports have highlighted the utility of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) in the evaluation of cardiac lesions. We report a case demonstrating the utility of 18F-FDG PET-CT in a young man who presented with gross pericardial effusion and suspicion of metastatic carcinoma on fluid cytology.
Keywords: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography, cavernous hemangioma, pericardial hemangioma
How to cite this article:
Singh H, Dasagrandhi V, Kumar R, Kumar R, Mittal BR. Impact of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography imaging in a case of pericardial cavernous hemangioma. Indian J Nucl Med 2020;35:360-1 |
How to cite this URL:
Singh H, Dasagrandhi V, Kumar R, Kumar R, Mittal BR. Impact of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography computed tomography imaging in a case of pericardial cavernous hemangioma. Indian J Nucl Med [serial online] 2020 [cited 2021 Mar 3];35:360-1. Available from: https://www.ijnm.in/text.asp?2020/35/4/360/298752 |
A 41-year-old male presented with history of weight loss and epigastric discomfort for 6 months. His electrocardiogram revealed sinus tachycardia, Chest X-ray showed money-bag appearance of the heart and two-dimensional echocardiography revealed gross pericardial effusion. He underwent pericardiocentesis and 500 ml straw-colored fluid was drained. Fluid cytology examination showed atypical cells with suspicion of metastatic carcinoma. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography of the chest and abdomen revealed gross pericardial effusion with hyperdense content within the effusion, which was attributed to hemorrhagic content.18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) done for localizing primary tumor [Figure 1] revealed FDG-avid pericardial thickening (SUVmax 5.5) along with mild FDG uptake in the periphery of a soft-tissue lesion within the pericardial cavity (SUVmax 3.3, arrowhead). Mild left pleural effusion was also noted. No abnormal FDG-avid lesion was noted elsewhere in the body and PET/CT findings were suggestive of the primary pericardial tumor with pericardial effusion and thickening. | Figure 1: 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography done for localizing primary tumor in a case with suspected metastatic pericardial effusion revealed mild fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the region of the heart (Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP); a) with fluorodeoxyglucose-avid diffuse pericardial thickening (SUVmax 5.5) along with fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in periphery of a soft-tissue lesion within the pericardial cavity measuring 6 cm × 4.5 cm (SUVmax 3.3, arrowhead) on trans-axial and coronal fused positron emission tomography-computed tomography (b and d) and computed tomography (c and e) images. Mild left pleural effusion was also noted. Excision of the pericardial lesion revealed cavernous hemangioma
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Resection of the pericardial mass was done and gross examination revealed yellowish-brown well-encapsulated mass measuring 6 cm × 5 cm × 3 cm showing hemorrhagic and solid areas on cut section. The histopathological analysis of the resected specimen showed tumor with large blood-filled cavernous spaces with outer dense fibrinous exudate suggestive of cavernous hemangioma. No areas of atypia, mitosis or necrosis were noted. The patient recovered uneventfully from the surgery and is on follow-up.
Hemangiomas are extremely rare tumors of the heart that may present with pericardial effusion, dyspnea, chest discomfort, palpitations or syncope.[1] Hemangiomas can be capillary, cavernous, or arteriovenous type. High-contrast enhancement is the typical feature on CT and MRI. Pericardial hemangiomas are extremely rare. Few reports on findings of cardiac hemangioma on 18 F-FDG PET/CT have been published.[2],[3],[4],[5],[6],[7],[8] Being benign tumors, cardiac hemangiomas show relatively low FDG uptake while malignant cardiac tumors show higher FDG uptake. In a study by Rahbar et al., SUVmax cutoff of 3.5 was able to differentiate between malignant and benign cardiac tumors with a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 86%.[3] In addition, in patients with hemorrhagic pericardial effusions, after exclusion of tuberculosis,18 F-FDG PET-CT scan can be of great assistance to exclude metastatic tumors and PET-CT findings can guide toward the diagnosis of cardiac hemangioma, especially when CT findings are equivocal as in the present case.[5]
Declaration of patient consent
The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent forms. In the form, the patient(s) has/have given his/her/their consent for his/her/their images and other clinical information to be reported in the journal. The patients understand that their names and initials will not be published and due efforts will be made to conceal their identity, but anonymity cannot be guaranteed.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
| References | |  |
| 1. | Seitz A, Ong P, Backes M, Mahrholdt H. Chronic pericardial effusion in the setting of pericardial capillary haemangioma: A case report and review of the literature. Eur Heart J Case Rep 2018;2:yty024.  |
| 2. | Sheppard MN, Mohiaddin R. Tumors of the heart. Future Cardiol 2010;6:181-93. |
| 3. | Rahbar K, Seifarth H, Schäfers M, Stegger L, Hoffmeier A, Spieker T, et al. Differentiation of malignant and benign cardiac tumors using 18F-FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med 2012;53:856-63. |
| 4. | Martínez-Rodríguez I, Banzo I, Quirce R, Jiménez-Bonilla JF, Medina-Quiroz P, Rubio-Vassallo AS, et al. F-18 FDG PET/CT uptake by a cardiac hemangioma. Clin Nucl Med 2010;35:330-1. |
| 5. | Jeong YJ, Yoon HJ, Kang DY. Growing cardiac hemangioma on serial F-18 FDG PET/CT. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2012;46:223-6. |
| 6. | Li ZY, Li XC, Wu Q. PET-CT diagnosis of cardiac cavernous hemangioma with large pericardial effusion. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014;18:3256-9. |
| 7. | Wang C, Chen H, Sun L, Mei Y. Cardiac cavernous hemangioma coexisting with pulmonary cavernous hemangiomas and giant hepatic hemangioma. Ann Thorac Surg 2017;103:e149-52. |
| 8. | Seifert R, Schafigh D, Hoffmeier A, Huss S, Weckesser M, Rahbar K. FDG-PET proves to be reliable in the diagnostic workup of a rare cardiac hemangioma. J Card Surg 2019;34:1097-9. |
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