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| Year : 2014 | Volume
: 29
| Issue : 4 | Page : 280-281 |
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18 F-FDG PET/CT in detection of sarcomatous degeneration of renal angiomyolipoma in setting of tuberous sclerosis
Anirban Mukherjee1, Sellam Karunanithi1, Suhas Singla1, Chandrasekhar Bal1, Chandan J Das2, Rakesh Kumar1
1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
2 Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| Date of Web Publication | 11-Oct-2014 |
Correspondence Address:
Rakesh Kumar
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0972-3919.142650
 Abstract | | |
Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) of kidneys are one of the common extracranial manifestations of tuberous sclerosis (TSC). AMLs when large may cause life-threatening hemorrhage, but seldom undergo malignant degeneration. We describe the appearance of renal AML degenerated to angiosarcoma on 18 F-flruorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT) and contrast-enhanced CT (CECT). Keywords: Angiosarcoma, contrast-enhanced computed tomography, flruorodeoxyglucose, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, renal angiomyolipomas, tuberous sclerosis
How to cite this article:
Mukherjee A, Karunanithi S, Singla S, Bal C, Das CJ, Kumar R. 18 F-FDG PET/CT in detection of sarcomatous degeneration of renal angiomyolipoma in setting of tuberous sclerosis. Indian J Nucl Med 2014;29:280-1 |
How to cite this URL:
Mukherjee A, Karunanithi S, Singla S, Bal C, Das CJ, Kumar R. 18 F-FDG PET/CT in detection of sarcomatous degeneration of renal angiomyolipoma in setting of tuberous sclerosis. Indian J Nucl Med [serial online] 2014 [cited 2019 Dec 6];29:280-1. Available from: http://www.ijnm.in/text.asp?2014/29/4/280/142650 |
A 36-year-old female patient of tuberous sclerosis (TSC) presented with pain abdomen. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scan was advised which showed gross distortion of renal architecture along with multiple well-encapsulated lesions with predominantly fatty component intermixed with areas of increased tissue density and arising from the both the kidneys consistent with the diagnosis of the renal angiomyolipoma (AML). Another large lobulated soft tissue density mass was found to be arising from mid and lower pole of the left kidney, which demonstrated heterogenous contrast enhancement on arterial phase and delayed washout on venous phase. For further evaluation of the nature of the mass the patient was referred to our department for 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT ( 18 F-FDG PET/CT). PET/CT images revealed gross distortion of renal architecture along with multiple, well-encapsulated lesions with predominantly fatty component intermixed with areas of increased tissue density and arising from both the kidneys with no significant radiotracer uptake consistent with renal AML [Figure 1] (bold arrow). Another large lobulated soft tissue density mass with nonuniform radiotracer uptake (maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max ) - 11.6) was found to be arising from mid and lower pole of the left kidney. Surprisingly, when the images of CECT and 18 F-FDG PET/CT were correlated, the relative hypoenhancing areas of the lesion with delayed venous filling in CECT demonstrated highest 18 F-FDG uptake indirectly reflecting perfusion-metabolism mismatch [Figure 1], line arrow]. Since FDG uptake is unusual in lesions of TSC, the treating physician advised a biopsy which yielded the diagnosis of renal angiosarcoma. | Figure 1: 18F-fl ruorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) revealing well-encapsulated lesions arising from both the kidneys with no signifi cant radiotracer uptake consistent with renal angiomyolipomas (a and b; bold arrow). Another large lobulated mass with nonuniform radiotracer uptake was noted in mid and lower pole of the left kidney (b and c) which demonstrated heterogenous contrast enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) in arterial phase (d and e) and delayed washout on venous phase (f and g). The hypoenhancing areas of the lesion on delayed venous fi lling demonstrated highest radiotracer uptake refl ecting perfusion-metabolism mismatch (c, e, and g; line arrow)
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TSC complex is a neurocutaneous syndrome involving multiple organ systems. [1] The two genes involved, TSC-1 and TSC-2, are located on chromosomes 9 and 16, respectively. [2] Skin represent the most frequent site of involvement and renal changes are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in TSC, the most common being renal AMLs. [3],[4] Other important features include pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis, retinal astrocytoma, hepatic AML, and cardiac rhabdomyoma. [5] Although the lesions of the TSC are usually silent on 18 F-FDG PET/CT study, 18 F-FDG PET/CT can be useful for identifying other neoplasms like malignant perivascular epitheliod cell tumors (PEComas), primary lung cancers, and lymphomas, on a background of diffuse infiltrative and cystic lung disease, thoracic and abdominal lymphadenopathy, cystic lymphangiomyomas, and renal AML in patients with TSC. [6] Though there are case reports describing malignant transformation of renal AML in patients with TSC, [7],[8] to our best of knowledge no such report has been described with 18 F-FDG PET/CT. Our case describes the appearance of sarcomatous degeneration of AML detected on 18 F-FDG PET/CT in a patient with TSC.
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| 7. | Kawaguchi K, Oda Y, Nakanishi K, Saito T, Tamiya S, Nakahara K, et al. Malignant transformation of renal angiomyolipoma: A case report. Am J Surg Pathol 2002;26:523-9. |
| 8. | Sato K, Ueda Y, Tachibana H, Miyazawa K, Chikazawa I, Kaji S, et al. Malignant epithelioid angiomyolipoma of the kidney in a patient with tuberous sclerosis: An autopsy case report with p53 gene mutation analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2008;204:771-7. |
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